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1.
Neuroradiology ; 66(3): 317-323, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38183424

RESUMO

PURPOSE: After standard treatment for glioblastoma, perfusion MRI remains challenging for differentiating tumor progression from post-treatment changes. Our objectives were (1) to correlate rCBV values at diagnosis and at first tumor progression and (2) to analyze the relationship of rCBV values at tumor recurrence with enhancing volume, localization of tumor progression, and time elapsed since the end of radiotherapy in tumor recurrence. METHODS: Inclusion criteria were (1) age > 18 years, (2) histologically confirmed glioblastoma treated with STUPP regimen, and (3) tumor progression according to RANO criteria > 12 weeks after radiotherapy. Co-registration of segmented enhancing tumor VOIs with dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion MRI was performed using Olea Sphere software. For tumor recurrence, we correlated rCBV values with enhancing tumor volume, with recurrence localization, and with time elapsed from the end of radiotherapy to progression. Analyses were performed with SPSS software. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients with glioblastoma were included in the study. Changes in rCBV values between diagnosis and first tumor progression were significant (p < 0.001), with a mean and median decreases of 32% and 46%, respectively. Mean rCBV values were also different (p < 0.01) when tumors progressed distally (radiation field rCBV values of 1.679 versus 3.409 distally). However, changes and, therefore, low rCBV values after radiotherapy in tumor recurrence were independent of time. CONCLUSION: Chemoradiation alters tumor perfusion and rCBV values may be decreased in the setting of tumor progression. Changes in rCBV values with respect to diagnosis, with low rCBV in tumor progression, are independent of time but related to the site of recurrence.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Glioblastoma/radioterapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Meios de Contraste , Quimiorradioterapia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos
2.
Rev Neurol ; 72(10): 343-351, 2021 May 16.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33978228

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (PHIV) is considered a chronic disease that has highlighted several cognitive deficits. From birth to early adulthood, cognition is known to play a fundamental role. However, although neurocognitive processes associated with PHIV have been extensively described by psychometric testing, data is scarce on neural activity from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) which provides in vivo physiological information. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied described impaired cognitive processes using fMRI on a group of PHIV adolescents with good immunovirological indications and healthy matched controls. Psychological status and neurocognitive functions were also assessed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between HIV+ and HIV- groups, either on neurocognitive testing nor in fMRI activity for phonological fluency tasks. Prolonged duration of cART was positively associated with greater brain activity in left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) which could indicate functional compensation. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that neural activity through fMRI in PHIV adolescents with good daily functioning and good immunovirological control may be similar to their peers.


TITLE: Actividad cerebral en jóvenes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana por transmisión vertical: estudio piloto de resonancia magnética funcional.Introducción y objetivos. La infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana de transmisión vertical (VIH-TV) constituye una enfermedad crónica que puede asociar múltiples alteraciones cognitivas que pueden influenciar el desarrollo de estos pacientes desde la infancia a la vida adulta. Sin embargo, aunque las alteraciones neurocognitivas vinculadas al VIH-TV están ampliamente descritas y valoradas mediante pruebas psicométricas, no existen apenas estudios de actividad neuronal medida a través de la resonancia magnética funcional (RMf). Sujetos y métodos. Analizar la utilidad de la RMf a través de la realización de tareas motoras y de fluidez verbal en un grupo de adolescentes y jóvenes con VIH-TV con buen control inmunovirológico y compararlo con un grupo control negativo de características similares. Se evaluaron también alteraciones psicológicas y funciones neurocognitivas. Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el grupo VIH+ y el grupo control para las tareas ejecutadas durante la RMf ni en la evaluación neurocognitiva. Un mayor tiempo de terapia combinada antirretroviral se asoció de forma directa con una mayor actividad en el giro frontal inferior izquierdo, lo cual podría indicar una posible compensación funcional. Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que la actividad neuronal medida a través de la RMf en adolescentes con VIH-TV y buen control inmunovirológico es similar a la de sus pares.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Infecções por HIV/fisiopatologia , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Adolescente , Adulto , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/terapia , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem
3.
Cir Pediatr ; 31(1): 34-38, 2018 Feb 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29419957

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Hirschsprung's-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a live-threatening complication that remains badly understood. Our objective is to identify the risk factors related to the development of HAEC in the cohort of patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) treated in our center. METHODS: We reviewed the patients treated for HD between 2000 and 2016. Ninety four patients were included, and the clinical details related to the disease were evaluated. Our primary outcome measure was the development of HAEC. Relative risks are presented with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Twenty seven patients out of the ninety four (28.7%) suffered HAEC. None of them died from this complication. The extended aganglionosis, the need of a preoperative stoma, a transabdominal surgery and the diagnosis before the age of 7.2 months were related to a higher risk of suffering HAEC. CONCLUSIONS: HAEC remains a common complication in patients suffering from HD, especially those with complex forms. The identification of the risk factors could result in a better control of the HAEC, which lead to a faster diagnosis and treatment, reducing the morbi-mortality related to HAEC.


OBJETIVO: La enterocolitis (EC) asociada a la enfermedad de Hirschsprung (EdH) es una entidad de etiopatogenia desconocida y potencialmente mortal. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los factores implicados en el desarrollo de EC en una cohorte de pacientes con EdH tratados en el nuestro centro. METODOS: Se revisaron los pacientes tratados por EdH en el periodo 2000-2016. Se incluyeron 94 pacientes, recogiendo de las historias clínicas variables demográficas y todas las relacionadas con la enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio de riesgo uni y multivariado usando como variable dependiente la existencia de un cuadro de enterocolitis. Los resultados se presentan con riesgo relativo (RR) con su intervalo de confianza al 95%. RESULTADOS: De los 94 pacientes estudiados, 27 (28,7%) sufrieron algún episodio de EC. Ninguno falleció por esta causa. La afectación intestinal extensa, la necesidad de una ostomía de descarga en el proceso diagnóstico, la cirugía abierta y el diagnóstico anterior a los 7,2 meses de vida se asociaron en el análisis univariante a un mayor riesgo de desarrollar EC. En el multivariante, tan solo el diagnostico precoz y la cirugía abierta quedaron como variables asociadas al riesgo de EC. CONCLUSIONES: La EC sigue siendo una complicación habitual en la EdH, especialmente en las formas más largas y complejas. La identificación de los factores que la favorecen permitiría un mayor control, una mejor prevención secundaria ante el comienzo de los síntomas y un tratamiento más precoz, lo que lograría disminuir su morbilidad.


Assuntos
Enterocolite/etiologia , Doença de Hirschsprung/complicações , Estudos de Coortes , Enterocolite/epidemiologia , Feminino , Doença de Hirschsprung/fisiopatologia , Doença de Hirschsprung/cirurgia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
4.
Cir. pediátr ; 31(1): 34-38, ene. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-170529

RESUMO

Objetivo. La enterocolitis (EC) asociada a la enfermedad de Hirschsprung (EdH) es una entidad de etiopatogenia desconocida y potencialmente mortal. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los factores implicados en el desarrollo de EC en una cohorte de pacientes con EdH tratados en el nuestro centro. Métodos. Se revisaron los pacientes tratados por EdH en el periodo 2000-2016. Se incluyeron 94 pacientes, recogiendo de las historias clínicas variables demográficas y todas las relacionadas con la enfermedad. Se realizó un estudio de riesgo uni y multivariado usando como variable dependiente la existencia de un cuadro de enterocolitis. Los resultados se presentan con riesgo relativo (RR) con su intervalo de confianza al 95%. Resultados. De los 94 pacientes estudiados, 27 (28,7%) sufrieron algún episodio de EC. Ninguno falleció por esta causa. La afectación intestinal extensa, la necesidad de una ostomía de descarga en el proceso diagnóstico, la cirugía abierta y el diagnóstico anterior a los 7,2 meses de vida se asociaron en el análisis univariante a un mayor riesgo de desarrollar EC. En el multivariante, tan solo el diagnostico precoz y la cirugía abierta quedaron como variables asociadas al riesgo de EC. Conclusiones. La EC sigue siendo una complicación habitual en la EdH, especialmente en las formas más largas y complejas. La identificación de los factores que la favorecen permitiría un mayor control, una mejor prevención secundaria ante el comienzo de los síntomas y un tratamiento más precoz, lo que lograría disminuir su morbilidad (AU)


Objectives. Hirschsprung's-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a live-threatening complication that remains badly understood. Our objective is to identify the risk factors related to the development of HAEC in the cohort of patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) treated in our center. Methods. We reviewed the patients treated for HD between 2000 and 2016. Ninety four patients were included, and the clinical details related to the disease were evaluated. Our primary outcome measure was the development of HAEC. Relative risks are presented with 95% confidence intervals. Results. Twenty seven patients out of the ninety four (28.7%) suffered HAEC. None of them died from this complication. The extended aganglionosis, the need of a preoperative stoma, a transabdominal surgery and the diagnosis before the age of 7.2 months were related to a higher risk of suffering HAEC. Conclusions. HAEC remains a common complication in patients suffering from HD, especially those with complex forms. The identification of the risk factors could result in a better control of the HAEC, which lead to a faster diagnosis and treatment, reducing the morbimortality related to HAEC (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Enterocolite/diagnóstico , Doença de Hirschsprung/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Enterocolite/terapia , Doença de Hirschsprung/cirurgia , Intervalos de Confiança , Estudos de Coortes , Enterocolite/complicações , Enterocolite/fisiopatologia , Modelos Logísticos
5.
Rev Neurol ; 64(1): 27-30, 2017 Jan 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28000909

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Acute cerebellitis is one of the main causes of cerebellar syndrome in infancy. Among the wide range of manifestations, headache and ataxia being the most predominant, we can find other less frequent, although nonetheless interesting, ones, such as language disorders, which go beyond the well-known cerebellar dysarthria. The different combinations in which the symptoms can appear, especially when not accompanied by ataxia, make the condition a real challenge for the clinician. CASE REPORTS: Two patients, aged 2 and 4 years, with clinical features, lab tests and neuroimaging results consistent with parainfectious acute cerebellitis. Both of them also presented a striking language disorder, one in the form of cerebellar mutism and the other in the form of hypofluency and agrammatism, the latter also developing in the absence of ataxia. Both cases progressed favourably, and mild speech alterations persisted in the follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS: Cases such as these expand the range of clinical manifestations of acute cerebellitis. The involvement of the cerebellum in neurocognitive processes like language is becoming increasingly more important and, although many aspects are still only speculations, managing to define its true role will have important repercussions on the diagnosis, treatment and long-term prognosis of these patients.


TITLE: Alteraciones del lenguaje en la cerebelitis aguda: mas alla de la disartria.Introduccion. La cerebelitis aguda es una de las principales causas de sindrome cerebeloso en la infancia. Entre un amplio elenco de manifestaciones, en el que predominan la cefalea y la ataxia, podemos encontrar otras menos habituales, aunque interesantes, como las alteraciones del lenguaje, mas alla de la bien conocida disartria cerebelosa. Las diferentes combinaciones en que pueden aparecer los sintomas, especialmente cuando no se acompañan de ataxia, hacen de este cuadro un verdadero reto para el clinico. Casos clinicos. Se presentan dos pacientes, de 2 y 4 años, con clinica, pruebas de laboratorio y neuroimagen compatibles con cerebelitis aguda parainfecciosa, que asociaron una llamativa alteracion del lenguaje, uno en forma de mutismo cerebeloso y otro en forma de hipofluencia y agramatismo, y este ultimo cursaba ademas en ausencia de ataxia. La evolucion de ambos casos fue buena, y persistieron leves alteraciones del habla en el seguimiento posterior. Conclusiones. Casos como estos amplian el espectro de manifestaciones clinicas de la cerebelitis aguda. Cada vez cobra mayor importancia la participacion del cerebelo en procesos neurocognitivos como el lenguaje y, aunque muchos aspectos son aun especulativos, alcanzar a definir su verdadero papel tendra una repercusion en el diagnostico, el tratamiento y el pronostico a largo plazo de estos pacientes.


Assuntos
Afasia de Broca/etiologia , Doenças Cerebelares/complicações , Encefalite/complicações , Mutismo/etiologia , Distúrbios da Fala/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Ataxia Cerebelar/etiologia , Doenças Cerebelares/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Cerebelares/tratamento farmacológico , Pré-Escolar , Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva/etiologia , Encefalite/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Cefaleia/etiologia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neuroimagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
6.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 31(7): 459-465, sept. 2016. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-155606

RESUMO

Introducción: El coeficiente de difusión aparente (ADC) de la resonancia magnética parece relacionarse con el grado de celularidad de los tumores de sistema nervioso central. Su utilidad para diferenciar el grado tumoral y tipo histológico de los tumores es controvertido. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de tumor de sistema nervioso central desde enero-2008 a diciembre-2013. Se revisan edad, sexo, localización del tumor y anatomía patológica. Las medidas de ADC y ratio ADC (cociente ADC tumoral/ADC tejido sano) se llevaron a cabo por 2 neurorradiólogos expertos, ciegos al diagnóstico histológico. Se calcula el valor ADC y el ratio ADC y se comparan sus valores con los diagnósticos anatomopatológicos. Resultados: Se incluyen 55 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 6 años. Los diagnósticos anatomopatológicos fueron: astrocitoma pilocítico (40%), ependimoma anaplásico (16,4%), ganglioglioma (10,9%), glioblastoma (7,3%), meduloblastoma (5,5%), y otros (20%). El 64% fueron de bajo grado (BG) y el 36% de alto grado (AG). La media de ADC fue 1,3 en los de BG y 0,9 en los de AG (p = 0,004). La media de ratio ADC fue de 1,5 y 1,2 (p = 0,025) respectivamente. No hubo diferencias significativas en el ADC/ratio ADC entre los distintos tipos histológicos. Conclusiones: El ADC y ratio ADC son una herramienta útil en la diferenciación por imagen del grado tumoral en los tumores cerebrales pediátricos, sin sustituir a la anatomía patológica


Background: The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in MRI seems to be related to cellularity in brain tumours. Its utility as a tool for distinguishing between histological types and tumour stages remains controversial. Procedures: We retrospectively evaluated children diagnosed with CNS tumours between January 2008 and December 2013. Data collected were age, sex, histological diagnosis, and location of the tumour. We evaluated the ADC and ADC ratio and correlated those values with histological diagnoses. Results: The study included 55 patients with a median age of 6 years. Histological diagnoses were pilocytic astrocytoma (40%), anaplastic ependymoma (16.4%), ganglioglioma (10.9%), glioblastoma (7.3%), medulloblastoma (5.5%), and other (20%). Tumours could also be classified as low-grade (64%) or high-grade (36%). Mean ADC was 1.3 for low-grade tumours and 0.9 for high-grade tumours (p = .004). Mean ADC ratios were 1.5 and 1.2 for low and high-grade tumours respectively (p = .025). There were no significant differences in ADC/ADC ratio between different histological types. Conclusion: ADC and ADC ratio may be useful in imaging-study based differential diagnosis of low and high-grade tumours, but they are not a substitute for an anatomical pathology study


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/instrumentação , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/normas , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/instrumentação , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/normas , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/instrumentação , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Curva ROC
7.
Neurologia ; 31(7): 459-65, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25660185

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in MRI seems to be related to cellularity in brain tumours. Its utility as a tool for distinguishing between histological types and tumour stages remains controversial. PROCEDURES: We retrospectively evaluated children diagnosed with CNS tumours between January 2008 and December 2013. Data collected were age, sex, histological diagnosis, and location of the tumour. We evaluated the ADC and ADC ratio and correlated those values with histological diagnoses. RESULTS: The study included 55 patients with a median age of 6 years. Histological diagnoses were pilocytic astrocytoma (40%), anaplastic ependymoma (16.4%), ganglioglioma (10.9%), glioblastoma (7.3%), medulloblastoma (5.5%), and other (20%). Tumours could also be classified as low-grade (64%) or high-grade (36%). Mean ADC was 1.3 for low-grade tumours and 0.9 for high-grade tumours (p=.004). Mean ADC ratios were 1.5 and 1.2 for low and high-grade tumours respectively (p=.025). There were no significant differences in ADC/ADC ratio between different histological types. CONCLUSION: ADC and ADC ratio may be useful in imaging-study based differential diagnosis of low and high-grade tumours, but they are not a substitute for an anatomical pathology study.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Imagem de Difusão por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Lactente , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 82(5): 354-359, mayo 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-137014

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La posibilidad de llevar a cabo RM sin sedación en el período neonatal aumenta la seguridad del paciente, la disponibilidad y rentabilidad de la prueba. El objetivo fue describir la experiencia de 20 meses con el nuevo protocolo de RM sin sedación, en el que la preparación del paciente se realiza en la unidad neonatal. Pacientes y método: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo, de mayo del 2012 a diciembre del 2013. Los pacientes incluidos fueron neonatos con indicación de RM, estables y sin soporte ventilatorio. El procedimiento se fundamentó en la aplicación de cuidados centrados en el desarrollo y el uso de un colchón de vacío como sistema de inmovilización. La variable resultado principal fue el porcentaje de RM completadas con éxito. Desde octubre del 2012 se recogieron además la duración de la prueba y el número de interrupciones. RESULTADOS: Se llevaron a cabo 43 RM sin sedación, 41 cerebrales y 2 de columna vertebral. La tasa de éxito fue del 97,7% (42/43). La media de tiempo de RM fue 26,3min (IC del 95%, 23,3-29,3min; rango 16-50min). Se completó la prueba sin interrupciones en 20 de los 34 casos (58,8%) en los que se recogió este dato. La media de interrupciones fue 0,6 (IC del 95%, 0,3-0,8; rango 0-3) y la mediana 0. CONCLUSIONES: El protocolo tuvo una tasa de éxito superior al 90%. Por tanto, la RM sin sedación parece factible en nuestro medio, realizando gran parte de la preparación en la unidad neonatal para así disminuir la ocupación de la sala de RM


INTRODUCTION: The ability to perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sedation in the neonatal period increases patient safety, availability and profitability of the diagnostic tool. The aim in this study was to evaluate a new protocol of MRI without sedation during a 20-month period. In the protocol, the patients are prepared in the neonatal unit. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Prospective descriptive study, from May 2012 to December 2013. Patients included were neonates requiring MRI, clinically stable and not requiring ventilatory support. The method was based on the application of developmental centered care and the use of a vacuum matress to immobilize the baby. The principal outcome parameter of interest was the percentage of succesfully completed MRIs. The duration of the MRI and the number of interruptions, was also studied from October 2012. RESULTS: A total of 43 MRIs without sedation were carried out on 42 patients: 41 cerebral and 2 spinal. The success rate was 97.7% (42/43). The mean MRI time was 26.3minutes (95% CI 23.3-29.3 mins; range 16-50 mins). MRIs were completed without interruption in 20 of the 34 cases (58%) in which the duration was recorded. The number of interruptions per procedure varied from 0 to 3, with a mean of 0.6 (95% CI 0.3-0.8) and a median of 0. CONCLUSION: The protocol had a success rate of over 90%. Thus MRI without sedation seems applicable in Spanish hospitals, with most of the preparation being performed in the neonatal unit, in order to reduce the occupation of the MRI unit, as well as minimizing stress to the baby


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/diagnóstico , Neuroimagem/métodos , Imobilização/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Sedação Profunda
10.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 82(5): 354-9, 2015 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25001372

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The ability to perform magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without sedation in the neonatal period increases patient safety, availability and profitability of the diagnostic tool. The aim in this study was to evaluate a new protocol of MRI without sedation during a 20-month period. In the protocol, the patients are prepared in the neonatal unit. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Prospective descriptive study, from May 2012 to December 2013. Patients included were neonates requiring MRI, clinically stable and not requiring ventilatory support. The method was based on the application of developmental centered care and the use of a vacuum matress to immobilize the baby. The principal outcome parameter of interest was the percentage of succesfully completed MRIs. The duration of the MRI and the number of interruptions, was also studied from October 2012. RESULTS: A total of 43 MRIs without sedation were carried out on 42 patients: 41 cerebral and 2 spinal. The success rate was 97.7% (42/43). The mean MRI time was 26.3 minutes (95% CI 23.3-29.3 mins; range 16-50 mins). MRIs were completed without interruption in 20 of the 34 cases (58%) in which the duration was recorded. The number of interruptions per procedure varied from 0 to 3, with a mean of 0.6 (95% CI 0.3-0.8) and a median of 0. CONCLUSION: The protocol had a success rate of over 90%. Thus MRI without sedation seems applicable in Spanish hospitals, with most of the preparation being performed in the neonatal unit, in order to reduce the occupation of the MRI unit, as well as minimizing stress to the baby.


Assuntos
Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Sedação Profunda , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos
14.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 73(5): 257-263, nov. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-83262

RESUMO

Introducción: La enfermedad de Niemann-Pick tipo C está causada por un defecto en el transporte intracelular de colesterol que produce un acúmulo de lípidos en los lisosomas de diferentes tejidos. Es una enfermedad rara, debida generalmente a mutaciones en el gen NPC1 y solo unos pocos casos se asocian a mutaciones en el gen NPC2. Frecuentemente se manifiesta en la edad pediátrica, presentando gran variabilidad en las manifestaciones clínicas. La enfermedad conduce a un deterioro neurológico con diferentes síntomas que están relacionados con la edad. Una colestasis neonatal transitoria, la aparición de esplenomegalia y/o hepatomegalia pueden preceder en años a los síntomas neurológicos. Pacientes y métodos: Presentamos los 6 casos diagnosticados en nuestra unidad en los últimos 20 años. Se han revisado las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos neurorradiológicos (RM) y el análisis molecular de todos ellos. Resultados: Todos se presentaron antes de los 6 años y 5 casos tuvieron afectación hepática y/o colestasis en el periodo neonatal. En 2 casos se detectó ascitis en el periodo prenatal. La presencia de esplenomegalia se objetivó en 5 casos. En todos los casos se detectaron mutaciones en el gen NPC1. Conclusión: Es importante el conocimiento de esta enfermedad y la identificación de los síntomas clínicos precoces para poder diagnosticarla precozmente, lo que conllevaría a un tratamiento adecuado, pudiendo evitar procedimientos innecesarios. Por otra parte es importante asesorar adecuadamente a las familias y proporcionar un consejo genético (AU)


Introduction: Niemann-Pick type C is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in intracellular trafficking of cholesterol. It is a rare disease, usually caused by mutations in NPC1 gene, but in some cases by mutations in NPC2 gene. Usually it is present in the paediatric age with a great variability of clinical manifestations. This disease leads to neurological degeneration with various age-related symptoms. Transient neonatal cholestasis, the appearance of splenomegaly and/or hepatomegaly may occur years before the neurological symptoms. Patients and methods: We report 6 cases diagnosed in our unit in the last 20 years. We reviewed the clinical manifestations, neuroradiological findings (MRI) and molecular analysis of all of them. Results: The disease began before 6 years of age and 5 cases had liver dysfunction and cholestasis in the neonatal period. Ascites was detected in 2 cases in prenatal period. Five cases have or had splenomegaly. Mutations in NPC1 gene were detected in all of them. Conclusions: It is important to understand this disease and the identification of early clinical symptoms to make an early diagnosis, leading to appropriate treatment and avoiding unnecessary tests. Moreover, it is important to suitably advise families and provide them with genetic counseling (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/epidemiologia , Icterícia Neonatal/epidemiologia , Colestase/complicações , Esplenomegalia/epidemiologia , Mutação , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/prevenção & controle , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Diagnóstico Precoce
16.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(9): 451-459, oct. 2010. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-83232

RESUMO

El síndrome de Pearson (SP) y el síndrome de Kearns-Sayre (SKS) son enfermedades mitocondriales multisistémicas con diferente fenotipo, causadas por deleciones en el ADN mitocondrial (ADN mt).Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones clínicas y los hallazgos neurorradiológicos, bioquímicos y genético-moleculares de ambos síndromes, con objeto de difundir su conocimiento entre los pediatras. Pacientes y métodos: Se han estudiado retrospectivamente 6 pacientes con SKS y 3 con SP inicial, dos de los cuales evolucionaron a SKS. Resultados: La edad de inicio de los síntomas fue inferior en los SP. Los síntomas más precoces fueron los hematológicos (anemia), seguidos de los renales (Fanconi) y digestivos (insuficiencia pancreática), y de forma más tardía se presenta la afectación ocular, endocrinológica, cardiológica y neurológica. Cuatro pacientes precisaron implantación de marcapasos. Seis casos presentaron alteraciones cerebrales y/o del tronco del encéfalo en la resonancia magnética. Se observó hiperlactatorraquia, hiperproteinorraquia y descenso de ácido fólico en el líquido cefalorraquídeo. La mitad de los SKS presentaron fibras musculares rojo-rasgadas y fibras citocromo C oxidasa negativas. En ocho pacientes se detectó una deleción única del ADN mt. Conclusiones: 1) Las diferencias más acusadas entre el SP y el SKS fueron la edad de comienzo y las manifestaciones iniciales. Los síntomas en la evolución, así como los hallazgos bioquímicos, neurorradiológicos y genéticos, fueron similares. 2) Las enfermedades mitocondriales deberían incluirse en el diagnóstico diferencial del síndrome de Fanconi, el déficit de la hormona del crecimiento y los trastornos de la conducción cardiaca, especialmente en los casos con afectación multiorgánica. El diagnóstico se confirma por la presencia de una gran deleción en el ADN mt (AU)


Kearns-Sayre (KSS) and Pearson syndromes are both multisystem mitochondrial diseases whose underlying genetic defect is a single large-scale mitochondrial DNA (mt DNA) deletion. Objectives: To describe the clinical spectrum of KSS and PS, with the object of spreading the knowledge of these disease to the pediatricians. Patients and methods: We reviewed the clinical notes of 6 patients diagnosed with KSS and 3 patients initially diagnosed with PS. Results: The age at the onset was lower in PS patients. First appearing symptoms were hematological (anemia), followed by renal (Fanconi) and digestive involvement (pancreatic insufficiency). Ophthalmological, endocrinological, cardiological and neurological symptoms were manifested at later stages. Four patients required pacemaker implantation. Six showed cerebral and/or brain stem involvement in MRI. CSF analysis showed increased levels of both lactic acid and proteins where as folate levels were diminished. Half of the KSS patients showed ragged-red fibers and COX negative fibers in their skeletal muscle. A large-scale mt DNA deletion was found in eight patients. Conclusions: 1. The most remarkable differences between PS and KSS were the age at presentation and the initial clinical symptoms; symptoms during evolution, and biochemical, neuroradiological and genetic findings were similar in both disorders,2. Mitochondrial diseases should be included in the differential diagnosis of the Fanconi syndrome, growth hormone deficiency and cardiac conduction disorders. A single large scale mt DNA is essential to confirm the diagnosis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome de Kearns-Sayre/genética , Doenças Mitocondriais/genética , Deleção Clonal , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Síndrome de Fanconi/diagnóstico , DNA Mitocondrial/análise
17.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 73(5): 257-63, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20826119

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Niemann-Pick type C is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in intracellular trafficking of cholesterol. It is a rare disease, usually caused by mutations in NPC1 gene, but in some cases by mutations in NPC2 gene. Usually it is present in the paediatric age with a great variability of clinical manifestations. This disease leads to neurological degeneration with various age-related symptoms. Transient neonatal cholestasis, the appearance of splenomegaly and/or hepatomegaly may occur years before the neurological symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report 6 cases diagnosed in our unit in the last 20 years. We reviewed the clinical manifestations, neuroradiological findings (MRI) and molecular analysis of all of them. RESULTS: The disease began before 6 years of age and 5 cases had liver dysfunction and cholestasis in the neonatal period. Ascites was detected in 2 cases in prenatal period. Five cases have or had splenomegaly. Mutations in NPC1 gene were detected in all of them. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to understand this disease and the identification of early clinical symptoms to make an early diagnosis, leading to appropriate treatment and avoiding unnecessary tests. Moreover, it is important to suitably advise families and provide them with genetic counselling.


Assuntos
Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colestase/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/etiologia , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/complicações , Doença de Niemann-Pick Tipo C/genética , Fenótipo
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